Updating Ubuntu

Using apt...

It takes two commands to do a complete update.

• First update the database of available packages:

 sudo apt-get update

• Then, upgrade everything:

 sudo apt-get upgrade

Some packages will be kept back. In my recent upgrade they were flagged with:

 The following packages have been kept back:
 linux-image-server linux-server openssh-client openssh-server ssl-cert

To see why:

 apt-cache policy linux-image-server linux-server openssh-client openssh-server ssl-cert

You'll see a list like:

linux-image-server:
 Installed: 2.6.22.14.21
 Candidate: 2.6.22.15.22
 Version table:
    2.6.22.15.22 0
       500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com gutsy-updates/main Packages
       500 http://security.ubuntu.com gutsy-security/main Packages
*** 2.6.22.14.21 0
       500 cdrom://Ubuntu-Server 7.10 _Gutsy Gibbon_ - Release i386 (20071016) gutsy/main Packages
       500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com gutsy/main Packages
       100 /var/lib/dpkg/status